Glossary
The EMN Glossary – as one of the key products of the EMN - improves comparability by enabling a common understanding and use of terms and definitions relating to asylum and migration. The Glossary draws on a variety of sources, but primarily on the legislation of the EU asylum and immigration acquis, and makes terms available in the majority of EU Member State languages.
The online version is regularly updated and available in various languages.
- BG: добре обоснован страх от преследване
- CZ: podložená obava z pronásledování
- DE: begründete Furcht vor Verfolgung
- EE: põhjendatud tagakiusamise kartus
- EN: well-founded fear of persecution
- ES: temor justificado de persecución
- FI: perusteltu vainon pelko
- FR: crainte fondée de persécution
- GA: faitíos roimh ghéarleanúint a bhfuil bunús / údar maith leis
- HU: üldöztetéstől való megalapozott félelem
- IT: giustificato timore di persecuzione
- LT: visiškai pagrįsta baimė būti persekiojamam
- LV: pamatotas bailes no vajāšanas
- MT: Biża’ ġustifikata ta’ persekuzzjoni
- NL: gegronde vrees voor vervolging
- NO: velbegrunnet frykt for forfølgelse (b) / velgrunna frykt for forfølging (n)
- PL: uzasadniona obawa przed prześladowaniem
- RO: teamă de persecuţie bine fondată
- SE: välgrundad fruktan för förföljelse
- SK: opodstatnená obava z prenasledovania
- SL: utemeljen strah pred preganjanjem
The fear of persecution experienced by an applicant for international protection that is considered both genuine and objectively justifiable (e.g. because the person concerned has already been subject to persecution or serious harm, or to direct threats of such persecution or such harm, and there is no good reason to consider that such persecution or serious harm will not be repeated).
2. The subjective element is satisfied if the applicant‘s fear of persecution is genuine. In the context of refugee status determination, fear has been defined as an apprehension or awareness of danger. General dissent or disagreement with a government or the desire for more personal freedom or an improved economic situation without anything more does not satify this element (see UNHCR guidelines on international protection on the UNHCR website).
3. The objective element is satisfied when the applicant has established that there is a reasonable possibility that they will actually suffer the feared persecution.
- BG: молба за международна закрила
- CZ: žádost o mezinárodní ochranu
- DE: Antrag auf internationalen Schutz
- EE: rahvusvahelise kaitse taotlus
- EN: application for international protection
- ES: solicitud de protección internacional
- FI: kansainvälistä suojelua koskeva hakemus
- FR: demande de protection internationale
- GA: iarratas ar chosaint idirnáisiúnta
- GR: αίτηση για διεθνή προστασία
- HU: nemzetközi védelem iránti kérelem
- IT: domanda di protezione internazionale
- LT: tarptautinės apsaugos (prieglobsčio) prašymas
- LV: starptautiskās aizsardzības pieteikums
- MT: Talba għall-protezzjoni internazzjonali
- NL: verzoek om internationale bescherming
- NO: søknad om internasjonal beskyttelse (b) / søknad om internasjonalt vern (n)
- PL: wniosek o udzielenie ochrony międzynarodowej
- PT: pedido de protecção internacional
- RO: cerere de protectie internationala
- SE: ansökan om internationellt skydd
- SK: žiadosť o medzinárodnú ochranu (EU acquis)
- SL: prošnja za mednarodno zaščito
A request made by a third-country national or a stateless person for protection from a EU Member State, who can be understood to seek refugee status or subsidiary protection status, and who does not explicitly request another kind of protection, outside the scope of Directive 2011/95/EU (Recast Qualification Directive), that can be applied for separately.
2. In everyday use, the terms ‘asylum application’ and ‘application for asylum’ are often used more frequently than ‘application for international protection’.
3. According to Protocol 24 of TFEU on asylum for nationals of Member States of the European Union (1997), EU Member States shall be regarded as constituting safe countries of origin in respect of each other for all legal and practical purposes in relation to asylum matters. Accordingly, any application for asylum made by a national of an EU Member State is normally not taken into consideration.
- BG: лице, на което е предоставена международна закрила
- CZ: osoba požívající mezinárodní ochrany
- DE: Person, der internationaler Schutz zuerkannt wurde
- EE: rahvusvahelise kaitse saaja
- EN: beneficiary of international protection
- ES: beneficiario de protección internacional
- FI: kansainvälistä suojelua saava
- FR: bénéficiaire d’une protection internationale
- GA: tairbhí den chosaint idirnáisiúnta
- GR: δικαιούχου διεθνούς προστασίας
- HU: nemzetközi védelemben részesülő személy
- IT: beneficiario di protezione internazionale
- LT: tarptautinės apsaugos (prieglobsčio) gavėjas
- LV: starptautiskās aizsardzības saņēmējs
- MT: Benefiċjarju(-a) tal-protezzjoni internazzjonali
- NL: persoon die internationale bescherming geniet
- NO: mottaker av internasjonal beskyttelse (asyl) (b) / mottakar av internasjonalt vern (asyl) (n)
- PL: beneficjent ochrony międzynarodowej
- PT: beneficiário de protecção internacional
- RO: beneficiar al protectiei internationale
- SE: person som beviljats internationellt skydd
- SK: osoba s postavením medzinárodnej ochrany (EU acquis) / osoba s udelenou medzinárodnou ochranou
- SL: upravičenec do mednarodne zaščite
A person who has been granted refugee status or subsidiary protection status.
- BG: международна закрила
- CZ: mezinárodní ochrana
- DE: internationaler Schutz
- EE: rahvusvaheline kaitse
- EN: international protection
- ES: protección (internacional)
- FI: kansainvälinen suojelu
- FR: protection internationale
- GA: cosaint idirnáisiúnta
- GR: διεθνής προστασία
- HU: nemzetközi védelem
- IT: protezione internazionale
- LT: tarptautinė apsauga (prieglobstis)
- LV: starptautiskā aizsardzība
- MT: Protezzjoni internazzjonali
- NL: internationale bescherming
- NO: internasjonal beskyttelse (b) / internasjonalt vern (n)
- PL: ochrona międzynarodowa
- PT: protecção internacional
- RO: protecţie internaţională
- SE: internationellt skydd
- SK: medzinárodná ochrana
- SL: mednarodna zaščita
In the EU context, protection that encompasses refugee status and subsidiary protection status.
- BG: тежест на доказване
- CZ: důkazní břemeno
- DE: Beweislast
- EE: tõendamiskoormis
- EN: burden of proof
- ES: carga de la prueba
- FI: todistustaakka
- FR: charge de la preuve
- GA: dualgas cruthúnais
- GR: υποχρέωση της απόδειξης της βασιμότητας του ισχυρισμού
- HU: bizonyítási teher
- IT: onere della prova
- LT: prievolė įrodyti
- LV: pierādīšanas pienākums
- MT: Piż (Il-) tal-prova / Obbligu (L-) li jinġiebu l-provi
- NL: bewijslast
- NO: bevisbyrde
- PL: ciężar dowodu
- PT: ónus da prova
- RO: sarcina dovezii
- SE: bevisbörda
- SK: dôkazné bremeno
- SL: dokazno breme
In the migration context, the duty of a non-national seeking entry into a foreign State to prove that they are entitled to enter and not inadmissible under the laws of that State.
In the context of refugee status determination procedures, the duty of the applicant to establish their case, to produce evidence that they have a well-founded fear of persecution.
2. For further information see UNHCR: Note on Burden and Standard of Proof in Refugee Claims, 16 December 1998.
- BG: търсещ убежище
- CZ: žadatel o azyl
- DE: Asylbewerber (EU acquis) / Asylwerber (AT)
- EE: varjupaigataotleja
- EN: asylum seeker
- ES: solicitante de asilo
- FI: turvapaikanhakija
- FR: demandeur d’asile
- GA: iarratasóir ar thearmann
- GR: αιτών άσυλο
- HU: menedékkérő
- IT: richiedente asilo
- LT: prieglobsčio prašytojas
- LV: patvēruma meklētājs
- MT: Applikant(a) għall-ażil
- NL: asielzoeker
- NO: asylsøker (b) / asylsøkjar (n)
- PL: osoba ubiegająca się o nadanie statusu uchodźcy (azyl)
- PT: requerente de asilo
- RO: solicitant de azil
- SE: asylsökande
- SK: žiadateľ o udelenie azylu / žiadateľ o azyl
- SL: prosilec za azil
In the EU context, a third-country national or stateless person who has made an application for protection under the Geneva Refugee Convention and Protocol in respect of which a final decision has not yet been taken.
2. Outside EU legislation, the terms ‘asylum seeker’ or ‘asylum applicant’ are often used more frequently than ‘applicant for international protection’ in the everyday use of the term.
- BG: изключваща клауза
- CZ: exkluzivní klauzule, vylučovací klauzule
- DE: Ausschlussklausel
- EE: välistav klausel
- EN: exclusion clause
- ES: cláusula de exclusión
- FI: poissulkemislauseke
- FR: clause d’exclusion
- GA: clásal eisiaimh
- GR: ρήτρες αποκλεισμού
- HU: kizáró klauzulák
- IT: clausola di esclusione
- LT: prašymo atmetimo pagrindai
- LV: izslēgšanas noteikums
- MT: Klawsola ta’ tbarrija / t’esklużjoni
- NL: uitsluitingsgronden
- NO: unntaksbestemmelse (b) / unntaksføresegn (n)
- PL: klauzula wykluczająca
- PT: cláusulas de exclusão
- RO: cauză de excludere
- SE: undantagsklausul
- SK: doložka o vylúčení / vylučovacia klauzula / vylučovacie ustanovenie
- SL: izključitvena klavzula
Specifically, any of the provisions of the Geneva Refugee Convention and Protocol, such as articles 1D, 1E and 1F, which mandatorily deny the benefits of refugee status to persons who already received UN or national protection, or to persons about whom there are good reasons to believe that they have committed a war crime, a crime against humanity, a serious non-political crime, or acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the UN (e.g. the persecution of others).
- BG: основания за преследване, посочени в Конвенцията за статута на бежанците
- CZ: důvody pro udělení azylu dle Ženevské úmluvy
- DE: Verfolgungsgründe (nach) der Genfer Konvention, Konventionsgründe
- EE: Genfi konventsioonis sätestatud tagakiusamise alused
- EN: Convention grounds for persecution
- ES: motivos de persecución Convenio de Ginebra de 1951 y Protocolo de 1967
- FI: Geneven yleissopimuksen mukaiset vainon perusteet
- FR: motifs de persécution au sens de la Convention de Genève
- GA: forais ghéarleanúna de réir Choinbhinsiún na Ginéive
- GR: λόγους δίωξης
- IT: cause di persecuzione ex Convenzione di Ginevra
- LT: persekiojimo pagrindai pagal Konvenciją
- LV: Ženēvas konvencijas noteiktie vajāšanas pamati
- MT: Motivi għall-persekuzzjoni skont il-Konvenzjoni
- NL: gronden voor vervolging in de zin van het Vluchtelingenverdrag
- NO: konvensjonsgrunnene for forfølgelse (b) / konvensjonsgrunnane for forfølging (n)
- RO: motive de persecutie stabilite de Conventia de la Geneva din 1951
- SE: konventionsgrunder för förföljelse
- SK: dôvody prenasledovania podľa Ženevského dohovoru
- SL: konvencijski razlogi za preganjanje / razlogi za preganjanje po Ženevski konvenciji iz 1951
2. The following definitions come into play when States attempt to determine who is and who is not a refugee :
- race is used in its broadest sense and includes ethnic and social groups of common descent;
- religion also has meaning, including identification with a group that tends to share common traditions or beliefs, as well as the active practice of religion;
- nationality includes an individual’s citizenship. Persecution of ethnic, linguistic and cultural groups within a population also may be termed persecution based on nationality;
- a particular social group refers to people who share a similar background, habits or social status. This category often overlaps with persecution based on one of the other four grounds. It has applied to families of capitalists, landowners, homosexuals, entrepreneurs and former members of the military;
- political opinion refers to ideas not tolerated by the authorities, including opinions critical of government policies and methods. It includes opinions attributed to individuals even if the individual does not in fact hold that opinion. Individuals who conceal their political opinions until after they have fled their countries may qualify for refugee status if they can show that their views are likely to subject them to persecution if they return home.
- BG: презаселен бежанец
- CZ: přesídlený uprchlík
- DE: neuangesiedelter Flüchtling
- EE: ümberasustatud pagulane
- EN: resettled refugee
- ES: refugiado reasentado
- FI: uudelleensijoitettu pakolainen
- FR: réfugié réinstallé
- GA: dídeanaí athlonnaithe
- HU: áttelepített menekült
- IT: rifugiato reinsediato
- LT: perkeltas pabėgėlis
- LV: pārvietots bēglis
- MT: rifuġjat(a) risistemat(a)
- NL: programma voor uitgenodigde vluchtelingen (BE: programma voor hervestigde vluchteling)
- NO: overføringsflyktning
- PL: przesiedlony uchodźca
- RO: refugiat relocat
- SE: kvotflykting
- SK: presídlená osoba / presídlený utečenec / presídlenec
- SL: ponovno naseljeni begunec
In the EU context, a third-country national or stateless person who, on a resettlement request from UNHCR based on their need for international protection, are transferred from a third country to a Member State where they are permitted to reside with one of the following statuses:
(i) refugee status within the meaning of Art. 2(d) of Directive 2011/95/EU (Recast Qualification Directive) or
(ii) a status which offers the same rights and benefits under national and Union law as refugee status
2. In some cases, national authorities assess in addition as to whether the person concerned is a refugee.
3. There are different terms used in EU Member States depending on different legal concepts. In some Member States such refugees are accepted as part of a yearly resettlement programme.
4. IE uses the term ‘programme refugee’ in a wider context than ‘resettlement’ and defines in Section 24 of the Irish Refugee Act, 1996 as follows: ‘a person to whom leave to enter and remain in the State for temporary protection or resettlement as part of a group of persons has been given by the Government’.
- BG: презаселване
- CZ: přesídlení
- DE: Neuansiedlung
- EE: ümberasustamine
- EN: resettlement
- ES: reasentamiento
- FI: uudelleensijoittaminen
- FR: réinstallation
- GA: athlonnú
- GR: επανεγκατάστασης
- HU: áttelepítés (letelepítés)
- IT: reinsediamento
- LT: perkėlimas
- LV: pārvietošana
- MT: Risistemazzjoni
- NL: hervestiging
- NO: gjenbosetting (b) / gjenbusetjing (n)
- PL: przesiedlenie
- PT: reinstalação
- RO: relocare
- SE: vidarebosättning
- SK: presídlenie / presídľovanie
- SL: ponovna naselitev
In the EU context, the transfer, on a request from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and based on their need for international protection, of a third-country national or stateless person, from a third country to an EU Member State, where they are permitted to reside with one of the following statuses:
(i) refugee status within the meaning of Art. 2(d) of Directive 2011/95/EU (Recast Qualification Directive)(ii) a status which offers the same rights and benefits under national and EU law as refugee status.
2. This term should not be confused with ‘relocation’.
- BG: оценка на достоверността
- CZ: posouzení věrohodnosti; ověření věrohodnosti
- DE: Glaubwürdigkeitsprüfung / Prüfung der Glaubwürdigkeit
- EE: usaldusväärsuse (usutavuse) hindamine
- EN: credibility assessment
- ES: evaluación de la credibilidad
- FI: uskottavuusarviointi
- FR: évaluation de la crédibilité
- GA: measúnú creidiúnachta
- GR: αξιολόγηση της αξιοπιστίας
- HU: szavahihetőség értékelése
- IT: valutazione di credibilità
- LT: patikimumo vertinimas
- LV: ticamības novērtējums
- MT: Evalwazzjoni tal-kredibilità
- NL: beoordeling van de geloofwaardigheid
- NO: vurdering av troverdighet (b) / vurdering av truverd (n)
- PL: ocena wiarygodności
- RO: evaluarea credibilitatii
- SE: trovärdighetsbedömning
- SK: preukazovanie dôveryhodnosti
- SL: ocena zanesljivosti
The process of gathering relevant information from the applicant for international protection, examining it in the light of all the information available to the case worker in procedures for international protection, for the purpose of the determination of qualification for refugee status and / or subsidiary protection status.
2. Credibility is established where the applicant has presented a claim which is coherent and plausible, not contradicting generally known facts, and therefore is, on balance, capable of being believed.
- BG: бежанец на място / бежанец sur place
- CZ: uprchlík na místě; uprchlík „sur place“
- DE: Flüchtling sur place
- EE: sur place pagulane
- EN: refugee sur place
- ES: refugiado sobrevenido
- FI: sur place -pakolainen
- FR: réfugié sur place
- GA: dídeanaí sur place
- GR: επί τόπου
- HU: sur place menekült
- IT: rifugiato sur place
- LT: pabėgėlis sur place
- LV: bēglis sur place
- MT: Rifuġjat(a) sur place
- NL: vluchteling „sur place” (NL syn. réfugié sur place)
- NO: sur place-flyktning
- PL: uchodźca sur place / uchodźca na miejscu
- PT: refugiados sur place
- RO: refugiat sur place
- SE: flykting ”sur place”
- SK: utečenec sur place / utečenec „na mieste“
- SL: begunec sur place
In the EU context, a person granted refugee status based on international protection needs which arose sur place, i.e. on account of events which took place after they left their country of origin.
Refugees sur place may owe their fear of persecution to a coup d’état in their home country, or to the introduction or intensification of repressive or persecutory policies after their departure. A claim in this category may also be based on bona fide political activities, undertaken in the country of residence or refuge.
- BG: бежанец вследствие на (гражданска) война
- CZ: uprchlík z důvodu (občanské) války
- DE: (Bürger-)Kriegsflüchtling
- EE: sõjapõgenik
- EN: (civil) war refugee
- ES: refugiado por conflictos bélicos
- FI: ([sisällis]sota)pakolainen
- FR: réfugié de guerre (civile)
- GA: dídeanaí cogaidh chathartha
- GR: πρόσφυγας εμφυλίου πολέμου
- HU: (polgár) háborús menekült
- IT: rifugiato a causa di una guerra civile
- LT: pabėgėlis dėl (pilietinio) karo
- LV: [pilsoņu] kara bēglis
- MT: Rifuġjat(a) minħabba gwerra (ċivili)
- NL: [burger]oorlogsvluchteling
- NO: (borger)krigsflyktning (b) / (borgar)krigsflyktning (n)
- PL: uchodźca wojenny
- PT: refugiados de guerra
- RO: refugiat de razboi (civil)
- SE: krigsflykting
- SK: utečenec z dôvodu (občianskej) vojny
- SL: (civilni) vojni begunec
A person who leaves their country to escape from the effects of armed conflicts (direct effects of fighting, assaults of combat troops, displacements etc.).
2. If there is a mass influx to the EU of such persons who have been displaced, they may also be eligible for temporary protection in accordance with Council Directive 2001/55/EC (Temporary Protection Directive).
- BG: групово определяне на статут на бежанец
- CZ: vertimo nėra
- DE: Gruppenfeststellung der Flüchtlingseigenschaft
- EE: grupi pagulasseisundi kindlaksmääramine
- EN: group determination of refugee status
- ES: determinación colectiva de la condición de refugiado
- FI: pakolaisaseman ryhmämäärittäminen
- FR: détermination collective du statut de réfugié
- GA: stádas dídeanaí a chinneadh ar bhun grúpa
- GR: Ομάδα για τον καθορισμό του καθεστώτος του πρόσφυγα
- HU: we do not use this term, it could be translated as „csoportos elismerés menekültként”
- IT: riconoscimento collettivo dello status di rifugiato
- LT: pabėgėlio statuso suteikimas asmenų grupei
- LV: bēgļa statusa noteikšana grupai
- MT: Għarfien kollettiv tal-istatus ta’ rifuġjat
- NL: vaststelling van prima facie vluchtelingschap (syn.: vaststelling van vluchtelingschap zonder meer)
- NO: gruppeavgjørelse av flyktningstatus (b) / gruppeavgjerd av flyktningestatus (n)
- PL: grupowe uznanie statusu uchodźcy
- PT: determinação colectiva do estatuto de refugiado (refugiados prima facie)
- RO: determinarea statutului de refugiat în cazul unui grup
- SE: vertimo nėra
- SK: skupinové určenie štatútu utečenca
- SL: skupinsko določanje statusa begunca
A practice by which all persons forming part of a large-scale influx are regarded as refugees on a prima facie basis, ensuring that protection and assistance needs are met without prior individual determination of refugee status.
Refugee status must normally be determined on an individual basis, but when large populations are displaced under circumstances that indicate that most members of the population could individually be considered refugees, and where the need to provide protection and assistance is urgent and / or where it may not be possible for practical reasons to carry out an individual determination of refugee status, each member of that population in question can be regarded prima facie (in the absence of evidence to the contrary) as a refugee. In other words, the presumption is that individual members of the population concerned would be considered as refugees in need of protection. For more information, see UNHCR: Refugee status determination 2005.
- BG: отнемане на бежански статут
- CZ: odnětí postavení uprchlíka
- DE: Entziehung / Aberkennung der Flüchtlingseigenschaft
- EE: pagulasseisundi kehtetuks tunnistamine
- EN: withdrawal of refugee status
- ES: retirada del estatuto de refugiado
- FI: pakolaisaseman poistaminen /lakkauttaminen / peruuttaminen
- FR: retrait du statut de réfugié
- GA: stádas dídeanaí a tharraingt siar
- GR: ανάκληση καθεστώτος πρόσφυγα
- HU: menekültügyi státusz visszavonása
- IT: revoca dello status di rifugiato
- LT: pabėgėlio statuso panaikinimas
- LV: bēgļa statusa zaudēšana
- MT: Revoka / Kanċellazzjoni / Tneħħija tal-istatus ta’ refuġjat
- NL: intrekking van de internationale beschermingsstatus
- NO: tilbakekall av flyktningstatus (b) / attendekalling av flyktningstatus (n)
- PL: cofnięcie statusu uchodźcy
- PT: retirada do estatuto de refugiado
- RO: retragerea statutului de refugiat
- SE: återkallande av flyktingstatus
- SK: odňatie postavenia [statusu, štatútu] utečenca (EU acquis)
- SL: preklic statusa begunca
The decision by a competent authority to revoke, end or refuse to renew the refugee status of a person in accordance with Directive 2011/95/EU (Recast Qualification Directive).
- BG: статут на бежанец
- CZ: postavení uprchlíka
- DE: Flüchtlingsstatus
- EE: pagulasseisund
- EN: refugee status
- ES: estatuto de refugiado
- FI: pakolaisasema
- FR: statut de réfugié
- GA: stádas dídeanaí
- GR: καθεστώς πρόσφυγα
- HU: menekült státusz
- IT: status di rifugiato
- LT: pabėgėlio statusas
- LV: bēgļa statuss
- MT: Status ta’ rifuġjat(a)
- NL: vluchtelingenstatus
- NO: flyktningstatus
- PL: status uchodźcy
- PT: estatuto de refugiado
- RO: statutul de refugiat
- SE: flyktingstatus
- SK: postavenie utečenca (EU acquis) / status utečenca / štatút utečenca
- SL: status begunca
The recognition by an EU Member State of a third-country national or stateless person as a refugee.
- BG: no translation
- CZ: cizinec, kterému brání ve vycestování překážka na jeho vůli nezávislá
- DE: gestrandeter Migrant (term is not used in AT,DE, LU)
- EE: juhusisserändaja (no usual translation)
- EN: stranded migrant
- ES: migrante desamparado
- FI: maahan jäämään joutunut siirtolainen / no usual translation
- FR: migrant en détresse
- GA: imirceach sáinnithe
- HU: megfeneklett migránsok
- IT: migrante bloccato
- LT: migrantas, atsidūręs sunkioje padėtyje
- LV: grūtā stāvoklī nonācis migrants
- MT: Migrant(a) imwaħħal (imwaħħla) fil-post
- NL: gestrande migrant
- NO: migrant med påtvunget opphold (b) / migrant med påtvinga opphald (n)
- PL: migrant przymusowy
- RO: migrant forţat să rămână pe teritoriu
- SE: strandad migrant
- SK: uviaznutý migrant
- SL: ujeti migrant / nasedli migrant
A migrant who for reasons beyond their control has been unintentionally forced to stay in a country.
According to UNESCO, migrants may become stranded due to circumstances in the country of origin, a position of prolonged detention or practical difficulties. Stranded migrants may be individuals whose claim for refugee status has been rejected.
3. For further information, see UNESCO’s People on the Move Handbook.
- BG: окончателно решение
- CZ: pravomocné rozhodnutí
- DE: rechtskräftige Entscheidung
- EE: jõustunud otsus
- EN: final decision
- ES: resolución definitiva
- FI: lainvoimainen päätös
- FR: décision finale
- GA: cinneadh críochnaitheach
- GR: οριστική απόφαση
- HU: jogerős határozat
- IT: decisione definitiva
- LT: galutinis sprendimas
- LV: galīgais lēmums
- MT: Deċiżjoni finali
- NL: onherroepelijke beslissing
- NO: endelig vedtak (b) /endeleg avgjerd (n)
- PL: ostateczna decyzja
- PT: decisão final
- RO: decizie finală
- SE: slutligt beslut
- SK: konečné rozhodnutie
- SL: dokončna odločba / pravnomočna odločba
A decision on whether the third-country national or stateless person be granted refugee status or subsidiary protection status by virtue of Directive 2011/95/EU (Recast Qualification Directive) and which is no longer subject to a remedy within the framework of Chapter V of this Directive, irrespective of whether such remedy has the effect of allowing applicants to remain in the EU Member State concerned pending its outcome.
- BG: Обща европейска система за убежище
- CZ: Společný evropský azylový systém
- DE: Gemeinsames Europäisches Asylsystem
- EE: ühtne Euroopa varjupaigasüsteem
- EN: Common European Asylum System
- ES: Sistema Europeo Común de Asilo
- FI: Euroopan yhteinen turvapaikkajärjestelmä
- FR: régime d’asile européen commun
- GA: Comhchóras Tearmainn Eorpach
- GR: Κοινό Ευρωπαϊκό Σύστημα Ασύλου
- HU: Közös Európai Menekültügyi Rendszer
- IT: Sistema europeo comune di asilo
- LT: bendra Europos prieglobsčio sistema
- LV: Kopējā Eiropas patvēruma sistēma
- MT: Sistema Ewropea Komuni għall-Ażil
- NL: Gemeenschappelijk Europees Asielstelsel
- NO: Det felles europeiske asylsystemet
- PL: Wspólny Europejski System Azylowy
- PT: Sistema Europeu Comum de Asilo
- RO: Sistemul European Comun de Azil
- SE: gemensamt europeiskt asylsystem
- SK: Spoločný európsky azylový systém
- SL: Skupni evropski azilni sistem
A framework of agreed rules which establish common procedures for international protection and a uniform status for those who are granted refugee status or subsidiary protection based on the full and inclusive application of the Geneva Refugee Convention and Protocol and which aims to ensure fair and humane treatment of applicants for international protection, to harmonise asylum systems in the EU and reduce the differences between Member States on the basis of binding legislation, as well as to strengthen practical cooperation between national asylum administrations and the external dimension of asylum.
(a) a uniform status of asylum for nationals of third countries, valid throughout the European Union;
(b) a uniform status of subsidiary protection for nationals of third countries who, without obtaining European asylum, are in need of international protection;
(c) a common system of temporary protection for displaced persons in the event of a massive inflow;
(d) common procedures for the granting and withdrawing of uniform asylum or subsidiary protection status;
(e) criteria and mechanisms for determining which Member State is responsible for considering an application for asylum or subsidiary protection;
(f) standards concerning the conditions for the reception of applicants for asylum or subsidiary protection;
(g) partnership and cooperation with third countries for the purpose of managing inflows of people applying for asylum or subsidiary or temporary protection.
- BG: сигурна трета страна
- CZ: bezpečná třetí země
- DE: sicherer Drittstaat
- EE: turvaline kolmas riik
- EN: safe third country
- ES: tercer país seguro
- FI: turvallinen kolmas maa
- FR: pays tiers sûr
- GA: tríú tír atá sábháilte
- GR: ασφαλής τρίτη χώρα
- HU: biztonságos harmadik ország
- IT: paese terzo sicuro
- LT: saugi trečioji šalis
- LV: droša trešā valsts
- MT: Pajjiż terz sigur / bla perikli
- NL: veilig derde land
- NO: trygt tredjeland
- PL: bezpieczny kraj trzeci
- PT: país terceiro seguro
- RO: ţară / stat terţ(ă) sigură
- SE: säkert tredjeland
- SK: bezpečná tretia krajina
- SL: varna tretja država
(a) life and liberty are not threatened on account of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion;
(b) there is no risk of serious harm as defined in Directive 2011/95/EU (Recast Qualification Directive) ;
(c) the principle of non-refoulement in accordance with the Geneva Refugee Convention and Protocol is respected;
(d) the prohibition of removal, in violation of the right to freedom from torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment as laid down in international law, is respected; and
(e) the possibility exists to request refugee status and, if found to be a refugee, to receive protection in accordance with the Geneva Refugee Convention and Protocol.
- BG: иконимически мигрант
- CZ: ekonomický migrant
- DE: Migrant aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen / Wirtschaftsmigrant
- EE: majandusmigrant
- EN: economic migrant
- ES: persona migrante por motivos económicos
- FI: taloudellisten syiden vuoksi muuttava henkilö
- FR: migrant économique
- GA: imirceach eacnamaíoch
- GR: οικονομικός μετανάστης
- HU: gazdasági migráns
- IT: migrante economico
- LT: ekonominis migrantas
- LV: ekonomiskais migrants
- MT: Migrant(a) għal raġunijiet ekonomiċi
- NL: economische migrant
- NO: økonomisk migrant
- PL: migrant ekonomiczny
- PT: migrante económico
- RO: migrant economic
- SE: ekonomisk migrant
- SK: ekonomický migrant
- SL: ekonomski migrant
A person who leaves their country of origin purely for economic reasons that are not in any way related to the refugee definition, in order to seek material improvements in their livelihood.
2. Economic migrants are sometimes referred to as economic refugees, but this is a misuse of the term 'refugee'.